når bare

* * *

conj when ( fx when he comes, I'll tell him; when he does speak, he speaks well; why should I complain when I have all I need?);

[ når jeg ikke kan lide ham er grunden den] the reason why I dislike him is that;

[ når bare, når blot] if only;

[ når engang, når først] once;

[ når vi først kommer i land kan vi hvile] once on shore, we can rest;

[ når og hvis] if and when;

[ når som helst]

(conj) whenever ( fx I'll see him whenever he likes to come);

adv any time ( fx you may come any time between two and four).

s, m., pl. ir: [the etymology of this word has been much contested; some—upon the authority of Snorri, hans menn fóru ‘brynjulausir,’ Hkr. i. 11—derive it from ‘berr’ ( bare) and ‘serkr’ [cp. sark, Scot. for shirt]; but this etymology is inadmissible, because ‘serkr’ is a subst. not an adj.: others derive it from ‘berr’ (Germ. bär = ursus), which is greatly to be preferred, for in olden ages athletes and champions used to wear hides of bears, wolves, and reindeer (as skins of lions in the south), hence the names Bjálfi, Bjarnhéðinn, Úlfhéðinn, (héðinn, pellis,)—‘pellibus aut parvis rhenonum tegimentis utuntur,’ Caes. Bell. Gall. vi. 22: even the old poets understood the name so, as may be seen in the poem of Hornklofi (beginning of 10th century), a dialogue between a Valkyrja and a raven, where the Valkyrja says, at berserkja reiðu vil ek þik spyrja, to which the raven replies, Úlfhéðnar heita, they are called Wolfcoats, cp. the Vd. ch. 9; þeir berserkir er Úlfhéðnar vóru kallaðir, þeir höfðu vargstakka ( coats of wild beasts) fyrir brynjur, Fs. 17]:—a ‘bear-sark,’ ‘bear-coat,’ i. e. a wild warrior or champion of the heathen age; twelve berserkers are mentioned as the chief followers of several kings of antiquity, e. g. of the Dan. king Rolf Krake, Edda 82; a Swed. king, Gautr. S. Fas. iii. 36; king Adils, Hrólf. Kr. S. ch. 16 sqq.; Harald Hárfagri, Eg. ch. 9, Grett. ch. 2, Vd. l. c. (Hornklofi, v. above); the twelve sons of Arngrim, Hervar. S. ch. 3–5, Hdl. 22, 23; the two berserkers sent as a present by king Eric at Upsala to earl Hakon of Norway, and by him presented to an Icel. nobleman, Eb. ch. 25. In battle the berserkers were subject to fits of frenzy, called berserks-gangr (furor bersercicus, cp. the phrase, ganga berserksgang), when they howled like wild beasts, foamed at the mouth and gnawed the iron rim of their shields; during these fits they were, according to popular belief, proof against steel and fire, and made great havoc in the ranks of the enemy; but when the fever abated they were weak and tame. A graphical description of the ‘furor bersercicus’ is found in the Sagas, Yngl. S. ch. 6, Hervar. S. l. c., Eg. ch. 27, 67, Grett. ch. 42, Eb. ch. 25, Nj. ch. 104, Kristni S. ch. 2, 8 (Vd. ch. 46); cp. also a passage in the poem of Hornklofi | grenjuðu berserkir, | guðr var þeim á sinnum, | emjaðu Úlfhéðnar | ok ísarn gniiðu—which lines recall to the mind Roman descriptions of the Cimbric war-cry. In the Icel. Jus Eccles. the berserksgangr, as connected with the heathen age, is liable to the lesser outlawry, K. Þ. K. 78; it is mentioned as a sort of possession in Vd. ch. 37, and as healed by a vow to God. In the Dropl. S. Major (in MS.) it is medically described as a disease (v. the whole extract in the essay ‘De furore Bersercico,’ Kristni S. old Ed. in cake); but this Saga is modern, probably of the first part of the 17th century. The description of these champions has a rather mythical character. A somewhat different sort of berserker is also recorded in Norway as existing in gangs of professional bullies, roaming about from house to house, challenging husbandmen to ‘holmgang’ ( duel), extorting ransom (leysa sik af hólmi), and, in case of victory, carrying off wives, sisters, or daughters; but in most cases the damsel is happily rescued by some travelling Icelander, who fights and kills the berserker. The most curious passages are Glúm, ch. 4, 6, Gísl. ch. 1 (cp. Sir Edm. Head’s and Mr. Dasent’s remarks in the prefaces), Grett. ch. 21, 42, Eg. ch. 67, Flóam. S. ch. 15, 17; according to Grett. ch. 21, these banditti were made outlaws by earl Eric, A. D. 1012. It is worth noticing that no berserker is described as a native of Icel.; the historians are anxious to state that those who appeared in Icel. (Nj., Eb., Kr. S. l. c.) were born Norse (or Swedes), and they were looked upon with fear and execration. That men of the heathen age were taken with fits of the ‘furor athleticus’ is recorded in the case of Thorir in the Vd., the old Kveldulf in Eg., and proved by the fact that the law set a penalty upon it. Berserkr now and then occurs as a nickname, Glúm. 378. The author of the Yngl. S. attributes the berserksgangr to Odin and his followers, but this is a sheer misinterpretation, or perhaps the whole passage is a rude paraphrase of Hm. 149 sqq. In the old Hbl. 37 berserkr and giant are used synonymously. The berserkers are the representatives of mere brute force, and it therefore sounds almost blasphemous, when the Norse Barl. S. speaks of Guðs berserkr (a ‘bear-coat’ or champion of God), (Jesus Kristr gleymdi eigi hólmgöngu sins berserks), 54, 197. With the introduction of Christianity this championship disappeared altogether.

* * *

* * *

I. adj

( alene) mere, very ( fx the mere thought of it; the very sight of him);

[ blot og bar] mere;

[ ligge blot] lie open ( for to);

[ lægge blot] lay bare;

[ stille blot] expose;

[ med det blotte øje] with the naked eye;

(se også linned);

II. adv only, simply,

F merely;

[ ikke blot] not only;

[ hvis blot, når blot] if only ( fx if he would only believe me),

( forudsat) so (el. as) long as, provided ( fx let them hate me so long as (el. provided) they obey me; as long as you apologize I am satisfied);

[ vent blot!] just (you) wait!

III. conj

( gid) if only; I wish;

(se også II. blot: når blot).

* * *

* * *

( alligevel) however ( fx he failed; he may, however, succeed next time), yet ( fx he worked hard, and yet he failed; strange (and) yet true);

( svagere) still;

( når alt kommer til alt) after all ( fx after all he is your brother);

( virkelig, sandelig) really;

[( ofte ikke oversat:) var jeg dog bare blevet hjemme] if only I had stayed at home;

[ men dog!] dear me! tut-tut!

[ mon dog] I wonder;

[ luk dog den dør!] do shut that door!

[ det er dog for galt] really, this is too bad;

[ hvor er James dog rar] what a nice fellow James is;

[ hvad er der dog i vejen?] what ever is the matter?

[ hvorfor dog det?] why (on earth)?

[ hvorfor gjorde du dog det?] why ever did you do it?

[ hvorfor dog ikke?] why (ever) not?

* * *

(en -er) time,

( tidspunkt, også) hour ( fx at the proper hour), moment;

( årstid) season, time of the year;

( tidsalder) age ( fx the Age of Puritanism), time,

F days ( fx at the time of (el. in the days of) Queen Elizabeth), day

( fx the questions of the day);

( aftalt tid, fx hos læge) appointment;

(gram.) tense;

( tidevand) tide;

[ en dags (, times, måneds, uges, et års) tid] a day (, an hour, a month, week, year) or so, a day's (, an hour's etc) time;

[ tiden]

(i alm) time ( fx time and space; time is on our side), times ( fx

move with the times);

( nutiden, datiden) the time ( fx one of the most important problems of the time);

[ tiden læger alle sår], se sår;

[ et tidens tegn] a sign of the times;

[ det vil tiden vise] time will tell; it remains to be seen;

[ det var tider] those were the days!

[ det var alle tiders!]

(dvs vældig godt) it was out of this world!

[ alle tiders største maler] the greatest painter ever seen (el. of all time);

[ andre tider andre skikke] other times, other manners;

[ fra tidernes morgen] since the beginning of time;

[ somme tider, i disse tider, til alle tider] etc, se ndf;

[ med vb:]

[ bruge sin tid], se bruge;

[ tiden falder ham lang] time hangs heavy on his hands;

[ få tid hos lægen] make an appointment with the doctor;

[ få tiden til at gå] kill time, while away (el. pass) the time;

[ når jeg får tid] when I get (el. have) time;

[ giv nu bare tid!] all in good time!

[ giv dig ( god) tid!] take your time!

[ give sig tid til at høre på ham] take (the) time to listen to him;

[ han giver sig aldrig tid til at tænke sig om] he never stops to think;

[ giv mig tid til i morgen!] give me till tomorrow!

[ have tid] have time ( til for, til at to, fx I haven't time for sport

(, to read));

[ jeg har ikke tid] I can't spare the time;

[ jeg har ikke tid til den slags pjat] I have no time for that kind of nonsense;

[ have bedre tid] have more time;

[ han har haft sin bedste tid] he is past his prime;

[ have dårlig tid], se dårlig;

[ have god tid] have plenty of time;

[ vi har god tid]

( også) there is plenty of time;

[ det tager tid] it takes time;

[ tage tid på én] time somebody;

[ tage sig tid til at] take (the) time to;

[ tage sig god tid] take one's time;

[ trække tiden ud], se trække;

[ vinde tid], se II. vinde;

[ med adj:]

[ have (, tage sig) god tid], se ovf;

[ i god tid], se ndf;

[ fra gammel tid], se gammel;

[ hele tiden] all the time, all along ( fx I knew it all along);

[ på høje tid], se ndf;

[ kort tid efter], se II. kort;

[ om kort tid], se ndf;

[ lang tid], se II. længe;

[ hvor lang tid tager det?] how long does it take?

[ det tager lang tid] it takes a long time;

[ en tid lang] for some (el. a) time;

[ for lange tider, i lang tid], se ndf;

[ i rette tid], se IV. ret;

[ i den senere tid], se senere;

[ somme tider] sometimes, at times, now and then;

[ med præp & adv:]

[ for tiden] at present; at the moment;

[ for en tid] for a (el. some) time;

[ for tid og evighed] for ever (and ever), for good;

[ være forud for sin tid] be ahead of (el. before el. in advance of) one's time (el. age);

[ for lange tider] for a long time to come;

[ for nogen tid siden] some time ago;

[ fra tid til anden] from time to time;

[ fra den tid af] from that time;

(se også gammel);

[ gammel før tiden] old before one's time,

F prematurely old;

[ før i tiden] formerly;

[ før i tiden arbejdede han her]

( også) he used to work here;

[ i tide] in time;

(se også utide);

[ i denne tid] at present, at the moment, these days,

( lige nu) just now;

[ i disse tider] in times like these, as things are at present;

[ i god tid] in good time;

[ i kommende tider], se kommende;

[ i lang tid] for a long time ( fx he stayed for a long time),

( i nægtende og spørgende udtryk) for long ( fx you need not be

there for long before you find out that...);

[ i min tid] in my time;

[ i nogen tid] for some time;

[ et problem der er oppe i tiden] a problem very much in the public mind;

[ i rette tid], se IV. ret;

[ i den senere (el. sidste) tid], se senere;

[ i sin tid]

( engang) at one time,

( gengives ofte med) used to ( fx there used to be a house here);

( dengang) at that time, in those days;

[ da han i sin tid kom hertil var han en ung mand] at the time when he came here he was a young man;

[ tiden er inde], se inde;

[ med tiden]

(dvs som tiden gik) in the course of time,

( efter nogen tid) in time ( fx in time he will forget);

[ følge med tiden] move with the times;

[ om et års tid] in a year or so, in a year's time;

[ om kort tid] shortly, soon, before long;

[ blive over tiden]

(dvs efter arbejdstid) stay after hours;

[ arbejde over tiden] work overtime;

[ det er ( snart) på tide] it is (about) time;

[ og det var også på tide!] and not before time!

[ på den tid] at the time, at that time,

F in those days;

( i løbet af den tid) in that time;

[ på den tid da] at the time when;

[ på denne tid af året] at this time of the year;

[ sidste (, næste) år på denne tid] this time last (, next) year;

[ på den halve tid] in half the time;

[ det er på høje tid] it is high time;

[ leve på lånt tid] live on borrowed time;

[ på alle mulige tider af døgnet] at all hours;

[ på Napoleons tid] at (el. in) the time of Napoleon,

F in the days of Napoleon;

[ optagelse på tid]

(fot) time exposure;

[ på ubestemt tid], se ubestemt;

[ til tiden] on time ( fx the train arrived on time);

[ til alle tider] at all times;

[ til den tid] by then;

[ til enhver tid] at any time, at all times;

T every time;

[ til evig tid] for ever;

[ komme til den fastsatte tid] come at the time arranged (, F: appointed);

[ komme lige til tiden] be (el. arrive) dead on time;

[ til sin tid] in due course;

( engang) some time;

[ hver ting til sin tid!] all in good time!

[ til ( sine) tider] at times;

[ næste år (, i fjor, i morgen) ved denne tid] this time next year (, last year, tomorrow).

* * *

( anlagt vej, landevej) road;

( strækning, retning) way ( fx part of the way; which way? look the other way);

( afstand) way ( fx a long way), distance;

( rute) way, route;

(se også II. bane);

[ finde vej] find one's way ( til to);

[ vejen fører til Hull] the road leads to Hull;

[ herfra fører ingen vej videre]

(fig) we are at the end of the road;

[ gå sin vej] go, go away,

( især når man er uønsket) take oneself off;

(se også egen);

[ gå den juridiske vej] go in for law;

[ hele vejen] all the way, all along;

[ der er ingen vej tilbage]

(fig) there is no turning back; we are at the point of no return;

[ der er ingen vej udenom] there is no getting round it; we have got to face it;

[ lang vej] a long way ( fx it is a long way to Tipperary),

( i negative og spørgende udtryk) far ( fx is it far to Hull?);

[ der er lang vej igen] there is a long way to go yet;

[en ( engelsk) mils vej] about a mile;

[ gå samme vej som]

(også fig) go the same way as;

[ han rejser samme vej ( som jeg)] he is travelling my way;

[ et stykke vej], se I. stykke;

[ vise vej] show the way,

( gå foran) lead the way;

[ vise én vej] show somebody the way;

(se også berede, bred, lægge (om));

[ med præp:]

[ ad den vej] (by) that way;

[ erfare ad anden vej] learn through some other channel;

[ ad fredelig vej] by peaceful means;

[ ad officiel vej] through official channels;

[ hen ad vejen] along (, up, down) the road;

(fig) as we (, you etc) go along;

[ af vejen] out of the way;

[ det var ikke af vejen] it would not be a bad thing,

F it would not be (el. come) amiss;

[ gå af vejen] get out of the way;

[ gå af vejen for]

(fig) avoid,

( stærkere, F) shun,

( noget godt) refuse;

[ gå af vejen for én] get out of somebody's way;

[ han går ikke af vejen for noget]

(dvs er uden skrupler) he sticks at nothing;

(se også rydde, skaffe);

[ hjælpe (el. sætte) ham i vej] give him a start in life;

[ være i vejen] be in the way;

[ hvad er der i vejen?] what is the matter? what is wrong?

T what's up?

[ hvis der kommer noget i vejen] if anything should happen (to prevent it);

[ komme i vejen for én] get in somebody's way;

[ stå i vejen for én (, noget)] stand in somebody's way (, in the way of something);

[ være i vejen for én] be in somebody's way;

[ der er intet i vejen for at jeg kan gøre det] there is nothing to prevent me from doing it;

[ hvad er der i vejen med ham (, det)?] what is the matter (el. wrong) with him (, that)?

[ på vejen] on the road ( fx a dead hedgehog was lying on the road), in the road ( fx I left the bicycle in the road; he lives in our road);

( undervejs) on the way, as we (, they etc) go (, went) along;

(se også IV. ret);

[ give ham et godt råd med på vejen] provide him with some good advice;

[ bilen ligger godt på vejen] the car has good road-holding qualities, the car holds the road well;

[ tage på veje] take on, make a fuss;

[ være på vej] be on one's (el. the) way ( fx to England; the package is on the way),

(mar også) be bound for ( fx we were bound for India),

( om barn) be on the way;

(fig) be on the way ( fx to becoming mad),

(dvs under forberedelse, også) be in the pipeline ( fx reforms are in the pipeline);

[ på vejen til] on one's (el. the) way to ( fx he died on his way to hospital),

(mar) on her passage to;

[ et skib på vej til Indien] a ship bound for India;

[ være godt på vej til at] be well on the way to -ing, be in a fair way to -ing;

[ på vej ud] on one's (, its) way out;

[ vi har (, tjener) kun til dagen og vejen] we can just make (both) ends meet; we just manage to scratch a living;

[ lige tjene til dagen og vejen] scratch a bare living;

[ vejen til] the road to ( fx London),

(fig) the way to ( fx fame; the way to a man's heart is through

his stomach);

[ er dette vejen til London?] are we right for London?

[ ved vejen] at (el. by) the roadside;

[ en kro ved vejen] a roadside inn.